Active Liveness Detection
The Active Liveness Detection is the process of determining whether the presented face is a real person, by requiring the user perform a challenge.
This check is recommended for applications where the security is paramount or where legislation obliges the user to respond to a challenge. It is recommended as an additional step after performing the passive liveness detection.
Innovatrics DOT provides three types of active liveness:
- MagnifEye liveness - challenges the user to focus camera on his eye
- Smile liveness - challenges the user to smile
- Eye-gaze liveness (deprecated) - challenges the user to follow a dot on the screen with their eyes
The MagnifEye liveness provides the highest level of security, while the Smile liveness has user experience with better emotion and quicker time to capture.
(Deprecated)Digital Identity Service provides the server-side liveness detection with the Liveness functionality.
MagnifEye liveness
The MagnifEye livenss is a UI component that collects one selfie of the person and then guides to take a closeup photo of the person’s eye. The component returns a selfie, so there is no need to run a face auto capture separately.
The additional photo data are returned in a proprietary binary format, which needs to be transferred to Digital Identity Server for evaluation. This liveness cannot be evaluated on client side.
The MagnifEye liveness UI component is available for all client technologies. It is supported by mobile libraries Android Face, Android Face Lite, iOS Face and iOS Face Lite. For web development, there is a dedicated component Dot Web MagnifEye Liveness.
MagnifEye liveness threshold for DIS 1.19 and above
The final decision if the face is real or a spoof is determined by the active liveness score and the threshold. If the score is above the threshold this can be interpreted as accepted, while if the score is below the threshold it is rejected.
| FAR levels | FAR [%] | FRR [%] | Score threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1:50 | 2 | 0.6 | 0.872 |
| 1:100 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.875 |
| 1:1000 | 0.01 | 1.3 | 0.880 |
In the version DIS 1.19, we recommend following threshold:
- 0.88 Optimized for security
Smile liveness
The Smile liveness is a UI component that collects the selfie of a person with different face expressions. It guides the user to position his/her face properly, and to change face expression. This component can also be used for capturing a selfie, the first face image from it can be used for avatar and face matching. Thus there is no need to run face auto capture separately.
The mobile component does not evaluate Smile liveness, it only collects the two photos. The result of the Smile liveness on the server is genuine or fraud, based on the thresholds configuration.
The Smile liveness UI component is currently avaliable only in Android Face and iOS Face libraries in version 4.8.0 and later.
More on Smile Liveness can be found in our webinar.
Eye-gaze liveness (Deprecated)
This method of active liveness is advised to be replaced by one of Smile or MagnifEye liveness as these provide far better user experience.
The Eye-gaze liveness is a UI component that collects the required data and calculates the active liveness score. It displays instructions to the user, and requires appropriate positioning. An object is displayed on the screen, and when it starts moving the user must follow this movement with their eyes. This process is completed when a sufficient number of frames have been collected, and a liveness score can be evaluated. It is terminated when face tracking has been lost and must be restarted.
The Eye-gaze liveness UI component is currently avaliable only in Android Face and iOS Face libraries in version 3.0.0 and later.
Eye-gaze liveness threshold
The final decision if the face is real or a spoof is determined by the active liveness score and the threshold. If the score is above the threshold this can be interpreted as accepted, while if the score is below the threshold it is rejected.
| FAR levels | FAR [%] | FRR [%] | Score threshold |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1:10 | 10 | 5.6 | 0.9671 |
| 1:20 | 5 | 8.3 | 0.9985 |
| 1:50 | 2 | 10.2 | 0.9994 |
| 1:100 | 1 | 17.6 | 0.9999 |
| eer | 7.955 | 8.3 | 0.9900 |
Maximum security is reached when the threshold at FAR 1:100 is selected (0.9999).